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Jeva: System One Models from First Principles

Presents Jeva, a decision-native architecture that encodes requests and each candidate separately to produce permutation-invariant, option-scalable probability distributions with explicit null detection and reusable option representations for low-latency decision tasks.

Introduction

Why this matters

Most decision pipelines treat choice outputs as free-form text to be parsed back into code, which adds latency, fragility, and brittle confidence estimates. Jeva reframes decisions as first-class, typed outputs: it enforces null-awareness, permutation invariance, option scalability, and cross-request cacheability so software can act directly on model probabilities with predictable behavior.

Key Findings
  • Structural requirements clarified: explicitly separate answer-absence (null) from among-candidate uncertainty, guarantee no result changes under option reordering, support variable-length candidate sets without redefining outputs, and enable request-independent option representations for reuse.
  • Architecture: a shared encoder independently embeds the request and each option; a compact decision stack refines the request state against immutable option memory; symmetric aggregation yields permutation-equivariant scored probabilities; a coverage head provides explicit null outcomes.
  • Empirical behavior: near-perfect null detection, no decision flips across tested permutations, scales to thousands of candidates, and materially reduces latency by reusing option representations across requests.
  • Unified interface: same mechanisms support Choice, Noul (binary verification), and Score (ordinal grading) outputs, so the model can replace ad-hoc heuristics across many short-decision tasks.
Who it's for and tradeoffs

Great fit if you build systems that repeatedly make short, structured decisions (routing, search-step choices, action selection in agents, or UI action prediction) and need calibrated probabilities, deterministic behavior under permutations, and low inference latency through caching. Look elsewhere if your task requires open-ended generation, long-form reasoning, or per-request free-form text outputs — Jeva is optimized for typed, decision-native interfaces rather than generative text.

Implementation tradeoffs to consider: request-independent option encoding requires maintaining option memory (storage and lookup); constructing option representations has upfront cost and complexity for dynamic or extremely large option vocabularies; and integration requires your system to consume structured probability outputs rather than natural-language answers.

Where it fits

Use Jeva as the System-1 decision layer inside dual-system agents, search stacks, or interactive services where many short decisions must be fast, calibrated, and programmatically actionable. It complements, rather than replaces, System-2 generative modules that produce explanations or long-form content.

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